Mars Habitability Habitability Mars Exploration Mars Missions Microbial Life Planetary Conditions Biosignatures Habitability Criteria Technosignatures Planetary Atmospheres Bio-signatures Planetary Habitability Potentially Habitable Planets Conditions for Life Mars Life Hypotheses Mars Life Potential Habitability Conditions Mars Planetary Science Ancient Life on Mars Breakthrough Listen Exoplanet Atmospheres Chemical Precursors Liquid Water Icy Moons Ancient Life Indicators Research Methodologies Exoplanet Research Theories Intelligent Life Mars Life Research Speculative Theories Theories of Life Beyond Earth NASA Martian Life Mars Research Public Speculation Public Interest Water on Mars Water Resources Historical Discoveries Habitable Zones Evidence of Life Habitability of Mars Molecular Biology Habitable Zone Habitability of Exoplanets Ocean Worlds Planetary Systems Venus Signs of Life on Mars Sampling Techniques Water in Space Role of Carbon Dioxide Research Methodology Molecular Evidence Life Detection Methods Exoplanets Alien Civilizations Exoplanet Discovery Exoplanet Detection Earth-like Planets
Isotopic fingerprints from OSIRIS‑REx material point to chemistry in frozen, irradiated ice rather than water‑based reactions.
