Zoonotic Diseases Pathogenicity SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology Transmission Dynamics Genetic Analysis Pathogen Evolution Transmission Mechanisms H5N1 Variants Genetic Strains Infectious Diseases Animal-to-Human Transmission H5N1 Avian Flu H5N1 Mutations H5N1 H5N1 Characteristics Disease Transmission H5N1 Virus H5N1 Strain Genetic Sequencing H5N1 and H5N9 Transmission Pathways COVID-19 Variants Human Infection Genomic Research Genetic Changes Pandemic Risk H3N2 Strain Orthopoxvirus APOBEC3 Signature Variant Characteristics Infectious Disease Research Hemagglutinin H5N1 Adaptation Genetic Exchange Human Transmission