Overview

• The treaty establishes a framework of permanent good-neighbourliness and cooperation in trade, energy and infrastructure among China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
• China’s two-way trade with the five Central Asian states hit 286.42 billion yuan in the first five months of 2025, marking a 10.4 percent year-on-year increase.
• Beijing pledged 1.5 billion yuan in grants to support livelihood and development projects across the region this year.
• Xi Jinping urged accelerated progress on the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway to create an overland route that bypasses Russia and links China to European markets.
• The agreements reflect China’s push to deepen its regional influence and secure vital energy and mineral resources as Russia’s sway in Central Asia declines.