Overview

• On July 11 the Paris Prosecutor’s Office upgraded its preliminary inquiry into X’s algorithm and data practices into a formal criminal investigation under organized crime statutes.
• X has refused to hand over its recommendation algorithm and real-time user post data, asserting its legal right to protect proprietary systems.
• The platform called the probe politically motivated, accusing French authorities of misapplying national law to restrict online expression.
• X challenged the impartiality of experts David Chavalarias and Maziyar Panahi, citing their prior criticism of the network as evidence of bias.
• The standoff highlights growing European scrutiny of AI-driven platforms and intensifies debates over algorithmic transparency and digital governance.