Overview
- The peer-reviewed analysis, published in JAMA Network Open in October 2025, is the first to link measured exposure severity at Ground Zero with lung cancer incidence in responders, according to the authors.
- Researchers followed 12,334 responders in the Stony Brook WTC Health and Wellness Program from July 2012 through 2023 and documented 118 lung cancer cases.
- Responders reporting the most severe particulate dust or debris exposure had up to a 2.9-fold higher incidence of lung cancer compared with those minimally exposed.
- Primary exposures included dust, fumes from burning materials, and sewage odors, and inconsistent use of personal protective equipment was associated with higher incidence after adjustments for demographics and smoking.
- Investigators recommend tobacco control and participation in lung cancer screening for responders, and they plan further studies to refine exposure measurement and assess tumor histology and prognosis.