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Why January 1 Became New Year’s Day—and How the World Marks It Now

Julius Caesar’s reform, later corrected by Pope Gregory XIII, fixed the date as the civil new year.

Overview

  • Under the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is the widely observed start of the year across much of the world.
  • Japan marks Ganjitsu as a national holiday, with many government offices and businesses closed during the New Year period.
  • Fireworks and festivities roll across time zones as local midnights arrive, producing a staggered global celebration.
  • Google featured an animated Doodle on January 1, 2026 to mark the New Year on its homepage.
  • Some histories attribute Rome’s shift to January 1 to a military push tied to the Segeda campaign in Hispania, an interpretation reported alongside the well-established Julian and Gregorian reforms.