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Wellcome Collection to Return 2,000 Jain Manuscripts to Community in UK

The placement prioritizes preservation and community access in response to a troubled provenance.

Overview

  • The Wellcome Collection signed a memorandum of understanding to transfer more than 2,000 Jain manuscripts to the Institute of Jainology for deposit at the University of Birmingham.
  • The museum says its governors and the UK Charity Commission must approve deaccession, with a phased handover set to begin this year and expected to take several years, and it is discussing further returns.
  • The trove spans the 15th to 19th centuries and includes an early illustrated Kalpasutra and a 1592 Hindi medical treatise that may be the earliest of its kind, making it the largest group of Jain manuscripts outside South Asia.
  • Acquisition records show Henry Wellcome’s agent bought many of the texts in 1919 from a Punjab temple for a few rupees each, a purchase the museum now says was against the sellers’ best interests.
  • Organizers selected a UK repository because the source temple no longer exists and Partition dispersed local Jains, which they say will protect the texts and open them to worshippers and researchers.