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VLT Uncovers Gas Ring as V Sagittae’s White Dwarf Goes Thermonuclear

The discovery ties the system’s extreme glow to rapid mass transfer, resolving a puzzle dating to its 1902 discovery.

Overview

  • European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope data reveal a circum-binary gas ring formed from material the white dwarf fails to accrete.
  • Observations indicate exceptionally fast mass transfer with thermonuclear burning on the white dwarf’s surface powering the system’s brightness.
  • The two stars orbit every 12.3 hours about 10,000 light-years from Earth, consistent with an unstable, high-accretion state.
  • Researchers forecast a likely nova outburst in the coming years that could be visible to the naked eye, while any supernova outcome and timing remain uncertain.
  • The study led by Pasi Hakala is slated for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society with a preprint on arXiv, following earlier projections such as a 2083 explosion estimate presented in 2020.