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VLT Captures Earliest Geometry of Supernova SN 2024ggi With Symmetric ‘Olive’ Ejecta

Rapid FORS2 spectropolarimetry during shock breakout now guides revisions to core-collapse models.

Overview

  • ESO reports that the VLT observed SN 2024ggi just 26 hours after discovery in NGC 3621, about 22 million light years away.
  • Spectropolarimetric data revealed axially aligned, elliptical ejecta during the shock-breakout phase, a geometry inferred from polarized light.
  • The symmetry axis remained fixed even as the expanding material later appeared more flattened by interactions with surrounding matter.
  • The progenitor is identified as a red supergiant with roughly 12–15 solar masses and a radius near 500 times that of the Sun.
  • The ultra-early dataset, achieved after a rapid observation request by Yi Yang, enables some explosion models to be ruled out and others refined, with the analysis presented in Science Advances.