Overview

• Buterin’s post explains the Goldwasser–Kalai–Rothblum method as a recursive proof system that verifies large computations with minimal on-chain work.
• GKR processes proofs in logarithmic time and avoids intermediate commitments, reducing verification cost for aggregated workloads.
• The protocol is not inherently zero-knowledge, but it can be wrapped with SNARK or STARK layers to add privacy.
• Buterin frames the approach within his Lean Ethereum vision, highlighting potential use for rollup proof aggregation, ZK-EVMs, and machine learning proofs.
• The release is a technical tutorial intended for community review and developer experimentation, with feedback credited to Lev Soukhanov, Zhenfei Zhang, and Zachary Williamson.