Overview

• Trump said the United States will impose an additional 100% tariff on Chinese imports starting November 1 and will introduce export controls on what he called essential software the same day.
• China expanded export licensing for rare earths by adding five elements effective November 8 and set December 1 rules requiring licenses for products made abroad that contain Chinese rare‑earth inputs or technologies.
• Beijing will begin charging docking fees on U.S.-owned or U.S.-linked ships at Chinese ports from October 14, a move presented as reciprocal to U.S. maritime charges.
• U.S. stocks fell after the announcements, with the Dow down 1.9%, the S&P 500 down 2.7%, and the Nasdaq down 3.6%, while European markets also closed lower.
• The European Commission voiced concern over supply risks as analysts highlighted China’s outsized role in rare‑earth supply and processing, with potential knock‑on effects for chips, autos, and defense.