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14h ago

U.S. Opens Section 301 Probe Into China’s 2020 Trade Deal Compliance Ahead of Trump–Xi Talks

The inquiry creates a formal path to potential new tariffs, bolstering Washington’s leverage.

FILE - President Donald Trump, left, shakes hands with China's President Xi Jinping during a meeting on the sidelines of the G-20 summit in Osaka, Japan, June 29, 2019. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh, File)
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U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer speaks to the press, on the day of U.S.-China talks on trade, economic and national security issues, in Madrid, Spain, September 15, 2025. REUTERS/Violeta Santos Moura
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Overview

  • U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer launched a Section 301 investigation into China’s apparent failure to meet commitments under the 2020 Phase One agreement.
  • The Federal Register notice invites public comments from October 31 to December 1, with a public hearing set for December 16.
  • China rejected the allegations as false and said it has scrupulously fulfilled its obligations under the deal.
  • The move lands days before a planned Trump–Xi meeting in South Korea and as U.S.–China talks on rare earth export controls begin in Kuala Lumpur.
  • The probe could tee up additional trade measures and may reinforce the administration’s legal footing as the U.S. Supreme Court hears challenges to IEEPA-based tariffs on November 5.