Overview
- The United States and Panama signed a memorandum of understanding and joint declaration on April 9, 2025, enhancing security cooperation over the Panama Canal.
- The agreement grants U.S. warships toll-free passage through the canal and includes joint military training, cyber cooperation, and infrastructure development.
- The partnership aims to counteract Chinese influence in the region, a key U.S. strategic objective tied to global trade and national defense concerns.
- Discrepancies in joint statements have raised ambiguity over U.S. recognition of Panama's sovereignty, with differing language in English and Spanish versions.
- Panama has ruled out permanent U.S. military bases, opting instead for rotational troop deployments and joint exercises to maintain sovereignty.