Overview

• Announced July 27 in Scotland by President Trump and Commission President von der Leyen, the deal replaces threatened 30% levies with a uniform 15% rate on EU exports.
• The EU commits to $750 billion in US energy purchases and $600 billion in additional investments as part of the agreement.
• Both sides agreed to remove tariffs on strategic sectors including aeronautics, semiconductors, select chemicals and agricultural products.
• French opposition parties and several EU officials have denounced the pact as favoring US leverage and undermining European sovereignty and industry.
• The framework remains provisional pending sector-specific clarifications and formal ratification in the coming weeks.