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Unprecedented Toxic Algae Bloom Devastates Southern California Marine Life

Domoic acid poisoning confirmed in whales for the first time as rescue centers struggle with record strandings of dolphins, sea lions, and birds.

Teams from PMMC and OARRA take samples of the whale so that NOAA teams can study them for domoic acid poisoning. (Photo courtesy of PMMC)
Dead whales stranded in April 2025 in Huntington Beach and Long Beach.
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Overview

  • Two whales washed up in Orange and Los Angeles counties this year were confirmed to have died from domoic acid poisoning, marking the first such cases in Southern California.
  • Marine rescue centers from Ventura to Orange County report being overwhelmed, with over 200 strandings and 110 deaths recorded in April alone.
  • NOAA has collected more than 50 dolphins in San Diego since March, with testing revealing high levels of domoic acid in 11 of 14 sampled dolphins.
  • The toxic algae bloom, stretching from San Luis Obispo to San Diego, has been designated an extreme danger zone by health and environmental groups.
  • Experts attribute the worsening bloom to climate change, fertilizer runoff, and wildfire debris, raising concerns about long-term impacts on marine populations.