Overview
- UNHCR reports 117.2 million people were forcibly displaced by mid-2025, with about 86 million—three quarters—facing high or very high climate risk.
- Climate-related disasters triggered roughly 250 million internal displacements over the past decade, averaging nearly 70,000 people each day.
- The number of countries highly exposed to extreme climate risks could rise from 3 to 65 by 2040, many of which already host large displaced populations.
- Many refugee camps, especially in the hottest locations, are projected to endure nearly 200 days of dangerous heat per year in coming decades, threatening habitability.
- The report cites recent floods in Brazil and South Sudan, record heat in Kenya and Pakistan, and water stress in Chad and Ethiopia, noting severe environmental pressure across Africa and warning that climate-driven livelihood loss in the Sahel is feeding cycles of violence.