Understanding CBP's Electronic Device Search Policies at U.S. Borders

Recent focus on traveler rights and data retention highlights the balance between privacy and national security during border enforcement.

Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers can search electronic devices of all travelers at U.S. ports of entry, including phones, laptops, and cameras.
CBP conducts two types of searches: basic searches, which involve reviewing device contents without additional tools, and advanced searches, which require managerial approval and external equipment.
Travelers can refuse to unlock their devices, but this may result in extended processing times or, for foreign nationals, denial of entry into the U.S.
Data obtained during searches can be retained for up to 15 years if deemed relevant to law enforcement, immigration, or customs matters.
Travelers whose devices are detained must receive a 'Custody Receipt,' ensuring transparency and accountability in the process.