Overview

• Simon Stiell urged COP30 to deliver a clear pathway to mobilize about $1.3 trillion per year and to move from pledges to faster implementation across all sectors.
• Only 38 of 193 countries have submitted updated nationally determined contributions after the deadline was postponed, underscoring weak momentum.
• The European Union chose a non‑binding letter of intent for 2035 that signals a 66.25% to 72.5% emissions cut from 1990 levels rather than a finalized target.
• China is expected to unveil an updated NDC at a UN climate mini‑summit in New York on September 24, with Beijing indicating it will cover all sectors and greenhouse gases.
• Scientific assessments show warming around 1.6°C in 2024, record atmospheric CO2 at 422.7 ppm, weakened land and ocean carbon sinks in 2023, record fossil emissions in 2024, and Amazon deforestation reaching about 52 million hectares since 1985.