Overview

• The Thorax analysis of more than 100,000 US adults followed for 12 years found the highest consumers of ultra-processed foods faced a 41% greater lung cancer risk
• Elevated risks applied to non-small cell and small cell lung cancers, with respective increases of 37% and 44%
• The association persisted after adjusting for smoking status and overall diet quality, suggesting ultra-processed foods may pose an independent risk factor
• Researchers caution that as an observational study it cannot establish causation and emphasize the need for further research into underlying mechanisms
• Public health advocates are calling for clearer labeling, updated dietary guidance and educational campaigns to reduce ultra-processed food consumption