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UK Radio Array Captures Missing Pebble Stage of Planet Formation

Confirming that centimeter-scale pebbles populate orbits up to Neptune’s distance prepares astronomers for broader SKA-Mid surveys.

image: ©Lan Zhang | iStock
Image
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Hesterly, Drabek-Maunder, Greaves, Richards, et al./Greaves, Hesterly, Richards, and et al./ALMA partnership et al

Overview

  • The PEBBLeS survey, led by Cardiff University’s Professor Jane Greaves, used e-MERLIN’s seven-telescope network to target protoplanetary discs around sun-like stars.
  • Data presented at the Royal Astronomical Society’s National Astronomy Meeting revealed reservoirs of centimeter-sized aggregates in the discs of DG Tau and HL Tau.
  • The newly imaged pebbles represent the intermediate growth phase between microscopic dust grains and kilometer-scale planetesimals in planet formation models.
  • Dr. Katie Hesterly of the SKA Observatory said the observed pebble populations extend far enough to potentially build systems larger than our own solar system.
  • Researchers are gearing up for SKA-Mid’s science verification in 2031 when its enhanced sensitivity will enable surveys of hundreds more planetary systems.