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Trump-Brokered Gaza Cease-Fire Faces Early Strains as Israel Tightens Rafah and Hamas Reasserts Presence

Implementation gaps now threaten the plan’s next phase, from disarmament to governance to reconstruction.

Overview

  • The last 20 living Israeli hostages were freed on October 13 under the U.S.-brokered deal, as Israel released about 1,968–2,000 Palestinian prisoners.
  • Israeli President Isaac Herzog announced plans to award Trump the country’s top civilian medal, and crowds in Tel Aviv and the Knesset lauded his role in the agreement.
  • Hamas returned only 4 of the 28 expected bodies of deceased hostages, leading Israel to order Rafah closed on Wednesday and to restrict aid, with UN agencies warning deliveries are again in doubt.
  • Armed violence resurfaced in Gaza as Hamas security forces redeployed, with reported public executions of alleged collaborators and clashes with local militias causing dozens of deaths.
  • Gaza civil defense reported six Palestinians killed by Israeli fire near Gaza City and Khan Younes during cease-fire enforcement, while disputes over Hamas’s future role and disarmament remain unresolved.