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Tribes Cull Restored Bison to Fill SNAP Gaps During Shutdown

Tribal leaders call the food-aid shortfalls a breach of trust obligations.

Buffalo manager Robert Magnan, center, field dresses a bison at the Fort Peck Assiniboine & Sioux Tribes Buffalo Ranch near Wolf Point, Mont., on Monday, Nov. 10, 2025. (AP Photo/Mike Clark)
Buffalo graze at the Fort Peck Assiniboine & Sioux Tribes Buffalo Ranch near Wolf Point, Mont., on Monday, Nov. 10, 2025. (AP Photo/Mike Clark)
Carrie Shawl, center, and Natalie Cooper, left, show their SNAP documents at a food distribution site in Frazer, Mont., on Monday, Nov. 10, 2025. (AP Photo/Mike Clark)
A box of food includes buffalo meat, harvested from the Fort Peck Assiniboine & Sioux Tribes Buffalo Ranch, at a food distribution site in Frazer, Mont., on Monday, Nov. 10, 2025. (AP Photo/Mike Clark)

Overview

  • Fort Peck authorized killing 30 bison for roughly 12,000 pounds of meat and had shot about half after members received only partial November SNAP payments.
  • The Blackfeet harvested 18 animals, producing more than 3,000 pounds of ground meat that was distributed to about 2,300 families across the reservation.
  • Other tribes supplemented supplies with local resources, including Lower Brule, Cheyenne River and Crow using buffalo, the Mi’kmaq providing trout and moose, the Comanche accepting deer, and the Choctaw operating three processing sites.
  • Cheyenne River’s post-pandemic investment in a plant able to process 25 to 30 animals per week enabled faster distribution during the shutdown.
  • Roughly one in four American Indian or Alaska Native families relies on SNAP, while the separate Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations continued even as some TEFAP funding and SNAP benefits were disrupted.