Overview
- London retains the top position for a 14th straight year, though its overall score declined.
- Tokyo’s surge reflects higher marks for cultural interaction tied to inbound tourism, nightlife and attractions, alongside an abundance of restaurants and retail.
- The index covers 48 cities and assesses economy, research and development, cultural interaction, livability, environment and accessibility.
- The gap between Tokyo and London is the narrowest recorded since the index began in 2008.
- New York posts the steepest score drop, losing second place as it lags in livability, while Osaka leaps to 18th following its World Exposition and Fukuoka ranks 40th.