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Three-Year Trial Shows Cognitive Functional Therapy Provides Durable Relief for Chronic Low Back Pain

Researchers say cognitive functional therapy sustains pain reductions alongside lower disability three years after treatment without added benefit from biofeedback

Man from behind with hands on lower back pain.
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Overview

  • The RESTORE randomized trial tracked 492 patients across 20 Australian clinics to compare CFT alone, CFT with movement-sensor biofeedback, and usual care up to three years post-treatment.
  • At the three-year follow-up, participants receiving CFT alone and CFT with biofeedback reported 3.5 to 4.1-point greater reductions in disability on the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire versus usual care.
  • Pain intensity scores remained lower in both CFT groups compared with usual care, with decreases of 1.0 point for CFT alone and 1.5 points for CFT plus biofeedback on an 11-point scale.
  • No significant long-term advantage was observed from adding movement-sensor biofeedback to CFT, leading researchers to conclude it is not necessary for sustained benefit.
  • Investigators highlight that broad implementation of CFT will require scaling up clinician training and replication studies across diverse healthcare settings.