Overview

• Texas representatives approved the Republican plan 88–52, with the measure awaiting action in the GOP-led Senate and Governor Greg Abbott’s signature before taking effect for 2026.
• Driven by President Donald Trump, Republicans say the Texas map could yield up to five additional House seats, and a Democratic quorum-denial walkout ultimately failed under threats of fines and arrest.
• California lawmakers advanced a counterplan and, after Governor Gavin Newsom signed it, scheduled a Nov. 4 statewide referendum to authorize a map intended to add five Democratic seats.
• Legal battles are expected because the Supreme Court’s 2019 ruling limits federal review of partisan gerrymandering but permits challenges alleging racial discrimination in voting.
• Officials in other states are exploring similar moves, with Republicans eyeing Florida, Indiana and Missouri and Democrats considering Maryland and Illinois, indicating a widening national contest.