Overview

• UN agencies report that over 1.3 million internally displaced Sudanese have returned to homes in pockets of relative safety, alongside 320,000 refugees who have reentered the country.
• Returnees face extensive damage to critical infrastructure, with at least six Khartoum hospitals and 1,700 wells requiring urgent repairs and widespread unexploded ordnance contamination.
• Health officials warn of renewed cholera outbreaks if water and sanitation services are not restored, after more than 91,000 cases and 2,300 deaths have been recorded since July 2024.
• Only 23 percent of 2025 humanitarian funding needs have been met, leaving a roughly $3 billion gap that hampers recovery, vaccination campaigns and disease control.
• Hostilities continue in western Darfur under RSF control and in South Kordofan, creating security barriers that restrict aid delivery and safe returns.