Overview

• Amnesty International has documented the use of Chinese GB50A guided bombs and AH-4 howitzers by Sudan's Rapid Support Forces (RSF), marking the first confirmed combat use of these weapons.
• The weapons were almost certainly re-exported to Sudan by the UAE, violating the UN arms embargo on Darfur that has been active since 2005.
• A March 2025 drone strike near al-Malha, using a GB50A bomb, killed 13 people, while AH-4 howitzers were seized by Sudanese Armed Forces in Khartoum later that month.
• Sudan's Security and Defence Council has severed diplomatic ties with the UAE, citing its support for the RSF and its role in escalating the conflict.
• Amnesty International has called for China and the UAE, both signatories to the Arms Trade Treaty, to halt arms transfers and ensure accountability for violations.