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Study Traces Human Kissing to Great-Ape Ancestors 16–21 Million Years Ago

Researchers used a strict primate-based definition with ancestral-state modeling to propose a deep origin for kissing, noting limited evidence.

Overview

  • Findings appear in Evolution and Human Behavior from a University of Oxford–led team with co-authors including Catherine Talbot.
  • The study defined a kiss as non-aggressive mouth-to-mouth contact without food transfer and mapped reports across primates.
  • Modeling places the behavior in the common ancestors of great apes, with observations in many Old World monkeys and most great apes, except eastern gorillas.
  • The authors say Neanderthals likely kissed, citing earlier work on shared oral microbes and genetic exchange with modern humans.
  • Kissing is documented in only 46% of human cultures, and the authors present the reconstruction as a provisional framework for future research.