Overview

• A multicenter prospective study in Japan followed 92 adults with type 2 diabetes through their first year on GLP-1 receptor agonists.
• Participants with high baseline external eating—overeating prompted by sights or smells—had the strongest weight-loss and glycemic responses.
• Those who eat to regulate negative emotions were less likely to see comparable benefits, suggesting a need for added behavioral or psychological support.
• Across the cohort, body weight, cholesterol, and body fat percentage fell significantly over 12 months, while blood-glucose improvements were not statistically significant.
• Eating patterns shifted early then partly rebounded: restrained and emotional eating decreased at three months but returned to baseline by 12 months, whereas reduced external eating persisted.