Overview

• A large-scale study published in Nature Microbiology analyzed the gut microbiomes of vegans, vegetarians, and omnivores across the US, UK, and Italy.
• Vegan diets were associated with higher levels of beneficial gut bacteria that produce anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids, improving metabolic and immune health.
• Omnivorous diets showed greater microbiome diversity but included bacteria linked to inflammation, heart disease, and certain cancers due to meat consumption.
• The study emphasized that the quality and diversity of plant-based foods, especially those rich in fiber, are key to fostering a healthier gut microbiome, regardless of dietary pattern.
• Researchers found that some gut bacteria may come directly from food, with vegans harboring microbes from fresh fruits and vegetables and omnivores from dairy and meat products.