Overview

• Using single-cell transcriptomics and proteomics, researchers analyzed 180,000 white blood cells, revealing expanded neutrophil subpopulations in vasculitis patients.
• An IFN-γ-responsive neutrophil subset was identified, exhibiting a hyperinflammatory state associated with disease persistence and treatment resistance.
• Serum IFN-γ levels were found to predict relapse, with the highest levels correlating with recurrence in new-onset vasculitis patients.
• The findings frame IFN-γ as a promising biomarker for monitoring disease progression and guiding personalized treatment strategies.
• The study highlights the potential for targeted therapies that modulate specific neutrophil subsets or IFN-γ signaling pathways, which remain under preclinical exploration.