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Study Finds Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Human, Infant and Animal Milks

Researchers warn that persistent contamination despite EU bans suggests unknown exposure pathways

"100% des laits animaux (frais ou en poudre, issus de vaches, d'ânesses ou de chèvres)", issus de l'agriculture biologique ou conventionnelle, et 83% des laits infantiles (du 1er au 3e âge, bio ou pas) analysés contiennent du dioxyde de titane
Des particules de dioxyde de titane ont été trouvées dans du lait vendu en France.
Image
Du dioxyde de titane, observé au microscope électronique à balayage. Utilisé comme colorant blanc et épaississant, le composé est massivement utilisé dans l'industrie depuis des décennies.

Overview

  • The July 23 study in Science of the Total Environment found titanium dioxide nanoparticles in breast milk from ten volunteer mothers in the Paris area, with concentrations varying up to fifteenfold between individuals.
  • Analysis showed 83% of infant formula samples and 100% of tested animal milks—including cow, goat and donkey—contained nanoparticles at levels ranging from 6 million to 3.9 billion particles per liter in formulas and 16 to 348 million per liter in animal milks.
  • Although titanium dioxide (E171) was banned in France in 2020 and across the EU in 2022, its widespread use in cosmetics, sunscreens and paints may drive inhalation or environmental contamination.
  • Researchers confirm that titanium dioxide crosses the mammary barrier and note prior evidence of placental transfer, raising concerns over potential impacts on maternal and newborn health.
  • The research team calls for efforts to identify non-dietary contamination sources and conduct further toxicological studies to assess long-term health risks.