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Study Finds Maggot Consumption Could Explain Neandertals’ High Nitrogen Levels

Experiments revealing fly larvae on decaying tissue concentrate heavy nitrogen support the maggot-eating hypothesis for Neandertal diets.

Lead author Melanie Beasley captured this image of a "maggot mass" for a follow-up study related to the newly released paper.
Maggots, which form in decomposing meat, may have played a key part in Stone Age diets.
Image
© ivan canavera via Shutterstock

Overview

  • Beasley’s team conducted two years of cadaver decomposition experiments and measured nitrogen-15 levels in nearly 400 fly larvae.
  • Nitrogen-15 concentrations in maggots surpassed those in decomposed flesh and all other analyzed tissues, mirroring Neandertal bone data.
  • Maggots converted putrid meat into fat-rich biomass, suggesting they could have balanced Neandertals’ need for dietary fat and protein.
  • These results provide experimental backing for John Speth’s 2017 proposal that rotting, maggot-infested meat accounted for heavy nitrogen signatures.
  • Researchers concede that no direct archaeological evidence of maggot-eating exists yet and are pursuing field studies for tangible proof.