Overview
- The Mediterranean Sea experienced its warmest June on record, with marine heatwaves affecting 62% of its surface at unprecedented intensity.
- Western Europe logged its hottest June ever, averaging 20.49 °C and enduring two early heatwaves that regularly exceeded 40 °C. Copernicus data confirm June 2025 as the third hottest June globally, with a 16.46 °C average air temperature and intense marine heatwaves across one-fifth of the ocean surface.
- A rapid attribution study published July 9 found that human-driven climate change amplified Europe’s heatwave by 2 °C to 4 °C in most cities.
- The same study estimates about 2,300 premature deaths between June 23 and July 2, of which roughly 1,500 would not have occurred without anthropogenic warming.