Overview

• A study involving 319 knowledge workers found that greater confidence in AI tools led to decreased critical thinking during task execution.
• Routine reliance on AI for low-stakes tasks risks long-term cognitive decline, as workers lose opportunities to practice judgment and problem-solving skills.
• Generative AI users produced less diverse outcomes compared to those who completed tasks independently, highlighting reduced creativity and engagement.
• Workers in high-stakes scenarios were more likely to critically evaluate AI outputs, while those under time pressure or in low-stakes contexts often bypassed such scrutiny.
• Researchers recommend designing AI tools that encourage critical thinking by providing explanations, guided critiques, and opportunities for user refinement.