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Studies Split on Ultra‑Processed Foods: Canadian Data Flag Health Risks as UK Research Questions NOVA’s Usefulness

The results intensify a policy debate over nutrient-based measures versus blanket UPF rules.

Overview

  • Using Canadian health and diet data from more than 6,000 people, researchers report that higher ultra‑processed intake is linked to elevated blood pressure and blood sugar over time.
  • The Canadian analysis used the NOVA system and highlighted that products perceived as wholesome, such as granola bars, sports drinks and fruit‑filled yogurt, also fall into the ultra‑processed category.
  • The same Canadian team points to potential mechanisms beyond calories or single nutrients, suggesting roles for additives, inflammatory responses and hormone disruptions.
  • Canada has set January 2026 for mandatory front‑of‑package declarations when foods contain high levels of sodium, sugar or saturated fat.
  • A large UK study of over 3,000 adults found that once nutrient content and perceptions were considered, NOVA classification explained less than 2% of variation in liking and about 4% in overeating, prompting calls for food literacy, targeted reformulation and attention to eating motivations rather than broad UPF labels.