Overview
- The resident population reached 49,442,844 on 1 October 2025, up 105,488 in the third quarter, according to provisional INE data.
- Residents born abroad rose to 9,825,266 while those born in Spain dipped to 39,617,578; Spanish nationals total 42,310,520 and foreign nationals 7,132,324.
- Migration flows were led by arrivals of Colombians (32,100), Spanish returnees or newly naturalised (24,500), Moroccans (23,400) and Venezuelans (20,500), with Spaniards (9,100) the largest emigrant group.
- Population increased in every autonomous community, with the strongest quarterly gains in the Valencian Community (+0.40%), Aragon (+0.36%) and Castilla-La Mancha (+0.34%), followed by Catalonia and Navarre (+0.32%).
- Regional snapshots: Galicia rose to 2,726,314 as foreign residents offset native declines; Castilla-La Mancha reached 2,140,796; the Canary Islands exceeded 2,268,035; Málaga added 13,204 year on year, about 26.5% of Andalusia’s growth.