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Spain’s National Court Closes 2025 Blackout Case After Cyberterrorism Ruled Out

Judge José Luis Calama cites exhaustive technical reports that point to operational failures, not a criminal act.

Overview

  • The court ordered the provisional dismissal of the criminal probe into the April 28, 2025 peninsula-wide outage.
  • The ruling relies on aligned findings from CCN, MCCE, INCIBE, OCC and police intelligence that exclude a cyberattack or terrorist sabotage.
  • CCN’s analysis of a 70GB OpenSearch dataset of operational-technology security events found no signs of malicious activity.
  • On‑site reviews — five control‑center inspections by MCCE, eight reports from INCIBE and twelve OCC visits — detected no hostile cyber actions.
  • An expert committee attributed the collapse to inadequate voltage control, system oscillations and generator disconnections, with any operator disputes to be resolved through administrative or civil channels.