Overview

• An estimated 400 homeless individuals shelter nightly in Madrid-Barajas Airport, with Terminal 4 at the center of the crisis.
• Aena has implemented 9pm–5am access restrictions, allowing only travelers with boarding passes, employees, and ticket holders' companions to enter during those hours.
• Health and safety concerns have escalated due to pest infestations, unsanitary conditions, and reports of violence, drug use, and weapons among terminal occupants.
• Unions and city officials are urging a coordinated, humane response, but disputes with national ministries and Aena have hindered progress.
• Similar rough-sleeping patterns and associated challenges are being reported at Malaga and Palma de Mallorca airports, highlighting Spain's broader housing affordability crisis.