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Spain’s Constitutional Court Reinstates Prosecutor’s Top Rank, Overturning Supreme Court Annulments

The majority held that the fiscal general’s discretion defines merit criteria for senior posts, limiting judicial review to legality checks.

Overview

  • The court’s plenary annulled two Supreme Court rulings that twice voided then–fiscal general Dolores Delgado’s 2021 appointment of Eduardo Esteban as Juveniles chief prosecutor.
  • Esteban recovers first-category status as fiscal de Sala but not the specific Juveniles coordinator post, which has since been awarded to another prosecutor.
  • Authored by magistrate Ramón Sáez, the majority found the Supreme Court improperly elevated specialization as decisive and substituted its judgment for discretionary selection.
  • The appointment was contested by the Asociación de Fiscales and rival candidate José Miguel de la Rosa, whom the Supreme Court had previously deemed more qualified.
  • The decision was split with four dissents and abstentions by Cándido Conde-Pumpido and César Tolosa, and dissenting judges warned of a discouraging effect on judicial control of discretionary appointments.