Overview
- Parliament approved an association-law reform prohibiting activities that justify or glorify Francoism, with the conservative PP and far-right Vox voting against the measure.
- The change could trigger action against the Francisco Franco Foundation, which openly venerates the dictator and holds roughly 30,000 documents reported to be state property.
- On November 8, police counted about 700 far-right demonstrators in Madrid shouting “Heil Hitler” and singing the Franco-era hymn, as church services and tributes proceeded at contested Francoist sites.
- For the first time, two alleged perpetrators of Franco-era crimes are slated to testify in court, including former interior minister Rodolfo Martín Villa, after years of stalled complaints.
- Victims’ groups fault the state’s delivery on truth and identification, citing government figures of 8,941 exhumations since 2019 but only 70 DNA matches, while the government also granted citizenship to 171 descendants of International Brigades under the 2022 memory law.