Overview
- Foreign affiliation rose by 204,659 in 2025, a 7.1% annual increase to 3,085,477 workers, according to official data.
- Madrid closed the year with 631,423 foreign affiliates, up 4.34% from 2024, including 78,843 self-employed and large communities from Romania, Venezuela and Colombia.
- Castilla y León counted 99,894 foreign affiliates in December, a 3.7% monthly decline but a 12.1% rise year over year, with all provinces down on the month and Segovia falling 14.5%.
- Morocco and Romania remain the largest national groups nationwide, while Venezuelans were the fastest-growing over the year with 40,614 more workers, a 23.2% increase.
- Foreign workers now account for 14.1% of total contributors, with affiliation up about 45% since December 2019 and annual gains exceeding 200,000 for a third straight year.