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Spain Approves Draft Law to Criminalize Nonconsensual Deepfakes

Passage will require an absolute majority in Congress.

Overview

  • The Council of Ministers approved the first draft to overhaul the 1982 law on honor, privacy and image, expressly targeting AI‑manipulated images and voices shared without consent.
  • The proposal defines deepfakes—such as deepface and deepvoice manipulations—as illegitimate when they harm a person’s honor or intimacy, covering both creation and distribution.
  • The text extends safeguards for minors and victims, bars consent from under‑16s, limits reuse of personal images across platforms, and allows people to forbid posthumous commercial use of their image or voice.
  • Objective criteria for damages would be set to avoid symbolic awards, and final judgments could be published in the official state bulletin at the victim’s request.
  • The government also advanced a separate rectification bill expanding correction rights to digital platforms and high‑reach accounts, while the deepfake reform still faces parliamentary approval.