Overview
- Official data show 21,839,592 average affiliates after a monthly rise of 141,926, the second-strongest October since the pandemic rebound year of 2021.
- Registered unemployment increased by 22,101 to 2,443,766, the lowest October level since 2007, while seasonally adjusted affiliation climbed by 64,569.
- Education added about 167,323 affiliates with the start of the school term, offsetting an estimated 50,000 losses in hospitality and supporting gains in construction employment.
- Regional dynamics diverged: Madrid (+49,445), Valencia (+36,459) and Barcelona province (+34,854) led new affiliates, while Castilla y León posted the largest rise in jobless (+2,545) followed by Andalucía and Catalunya.
- Of roughly 1.5 million contracts signed, 42% were permanent and a sizable share were fixed-discontinuous; some outlets estimate “effective unemployment” near 3.2 million when including about 733,000 inactive discontinuous workers.