Overview

• At the All‑In Summit, Anatoly Yakovenko put roughly 50/50 odds on a meaningful quantum breakthrough within five years and argued Bitcoin should switch before any threat materializes.
• He cited adoption of post‑quantum cryptography by Google or Apple as a practical signal for when Bitcoin should migrate.
• Experts including Adam Back and Samson Mow contend the real risk is likely decades away, with some estimates closer to 20 years.
• Moving off ECDSA would likely require a hard fork with extensive wallet and protocol changes, and there is no community plan or consensus to proceed.
• Yakovenko praised proof‑of‑work resilience and predicted stablecoins could make the internet a major holder of U.S. Treasuries as Washington’s stance on crypto evolves.