Overview

• On-chain data show validator “Cavey Cool” processed 43,016 successful and 50 failed no-op transactions in a single block to reach the 107,540 TPS peak.
• The surge was driven entirely by no-op program calls that bypass state changes to measure the network’s theoretical capacity ceiling.
• Helius CEO Mert Mumtaz noted that no-op transactions still incur non-execution overhead for signature verification and data loading.
• On-chain trackers report that regular mainnet traffic averages around 3,500 TPS overall and roughly 1,000 TPS for payments and applications.
• Firedancer and other client and runtime upgrades have demonstrated testnet benchmarks above 1.2 million TPS but await integration on mainnet.