Sick Leave Costs Rise as Absences Stabilize Above Pre-Pandemic Levels

A new study highlights economic and demographic factors driving the long-term increase in workplace sick leave, despite a decline from COVID-era peaks.

• The number of sick leave days in 2023 decreased by 12.5% compared to 2022 but remains significantly higher than 2019 levels, according to a study by Drees and the National Health Insurance Fund.
• Economic and demographic shifts, including an aging workforce and higher employment rates, account for 60% of the rise in sick leave costs since 2019.
• Long-term sick leaves, though only 7% of total cases, represent nearly 45% of the total expenses, which reached €10.2 billion in 2023 for private sector and public contract workers.
• The study points to worsening workplace conditions, such as increased physical and psychosocial strain, as a potential factor in the rising frequency and duration of sick leaves.
• Women have seen a higher increase in sick leave rates, possibly due to factors like pregnancy, dual work-home responsibilities, and differing responses to workplace challenges.

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