Overview
- Aurora was observed before dawn on November 12 across Germany, including unusually southern reports from Bavaria and Baden‑Württemberg, with additional sightings from Brandenburg, Saxony and North Rhine‑Westphalia.
- Germany’s Helmholtz Centre measured Kp values of about 8.3 to 8.7 overnight, indicating a severe geomagnetic disturbance near the top of the scale.
- NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center tracked multiple CMEs from November 9–10 and issued storm alerts for November 11–13, with reporting of an elevated G4 warning for November 12.
- Experts advise skywatchers to stay alert over the next one to two nights, with timing uncertain and visibility dependent on incoming solar wind conditions and local weather.
- ESA’s Space Safety program noted interruptions to radio communication and satellite navigation in sun‑facing regions, and researchers reported a rare ground‑level energetic particle event detected by monitors worldwide.