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Severe G4 Geomagnetic Storm Hits Earth After Powerful May 31 Solar Flare

Models project severe geomagnetic activity through June 2, posing potential disruptions to power grids, satellite communications, GPS services, expanded aurora displays into lower latitudes

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The incoming coronal mass ejection (CME) erupted from the sun in the early hours of May 31.
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Aurora borealis, or northern lights, shine in the sky on August 12, 2024 in Mohe, Heilongjiang Province of China

Overview

  • A Coronal Mass Ejection from an M8.1 flare on May 31 arrived late June 1 at speeds over 1,000 km/s, triggering a G4‐level storm
  • NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center and NASA models indicate initial G3 conditions upon impact with a high probability of sustained G4 storming through June 2
  • The storm threatens voltage control problems in high‐voltage transmission lines, increased drag and surface charging on satellites, and sporadic HF radio blackouts
  • An S1‐minor solar radiation storm is underway, causing brief high‐latitude HF radio signal fades
  • Space weather physicists say aurora borealis could be visible as far south as Alabama and northern California during peak storm activity