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Senate Debates GOP’s 'One Big Beautiful Bill' After CBO Findings on Income Impact

Senators are weighing tighter Medicaid work requirements before a potential July 4 vote

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President Donald Trump stops to speak to media members while standing next to Speaker of the House Mike Johnson as Trump arrives at the United States Capitol to attend the House Republican Conference on May 20, 2025, in Arlington, Virginia.
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Overview

  • The Senate is revising the bill with amendments to Medicaid eligibility, SNAP benefits and energy tax credits ahead of a potential July 4 vote.
  • A CBO report finds the legislation’s tax cuts would boost household resources by $3.1 trillion while shrinking in-kind benefits by $1 trillion.
  • Lowest-income families would lose about $1,600 annually under the bill, largely because of reduced Medicaid and SNAP benefits.
  • Households in the top 10 percent would see average gains of around $12,000 per year and middle-income Americans would gain $500 to $1,000.
  • Some senators warn the package could widen the federal deficit and pressure state budgets as social programs face deeper cuts.